Oil was likely used to lubricate dry scalps.1 It was part of the normal daily routine, together with washing. The essence of Jesus’ instruction is the fact that kingdom citizens should go about their day-to-day lives in an ordinary manner and not make it obvious that they are fasting.2 This principle extends to any activity that can serve as a sign of devotion to God. Whether it is gathering with God’s people for worship or walking around with a Bible, God’s people must not live and act in ways that look to advertise their godliness/devotion to him for the sake of impressing people.3
17 But when you fast, anoint your head and wash your face,