When Jesus entered the house (see Matthew 9:28), he already knew about Peter being asked about taxes and immediately spoke about the sons (the princes) and the strangers (the subjects). The contrast Jesus makes in Matthew 17:25 refers to how kings exempt their relatives from taxes that they impose on citizens who are not their relatives, who are thus called strangers
or others.
The Greek word allotrios (strange) is defined by its contrast with son and so, in this context, means one who is not a son.
When Jesus entered the house (the house: see Matthew 9:28), he already knew about Peter being interrogated about taxes and immediately began to speak about it before Peter could utter a word. The sons are the princes, and the strangers are the subjects.1
The distinction Jesus makes here in Matthew 17:25 generally concerns earthly kings, who exempt their own relatives from the tax that they impose on all citizens who are not their relatives, and who can therefore be characterized as strangers
or others.
The Greek word allotrios (strange) is defined by its contrast with son and therefore in this context means one who is not a son.
2
25 Oui, dit-il. Et quand il fut entré dans la maison, Jésus le prévint, et dit: Que t'en semble, Simon? Les rois de la terre, de qui perçoivent-ils des tributs ou des impôts? de leurs fils, ou des étrangers?