Two views of who are all who labour and are heavy laden
:
The people of Israel were burdened (see Matthew 9:36), by severely strict religious and other rules and regulations imposed upon them by the religious establishment of the day (Matthew 23:4).
Jesus’ doxology to the Father (Matthew 11:25–27) showed how extensive Jesus’ mission is, and now his invitation to everyone shows that all must come to him for healing and rest—not just the people of first-century Judea, but everyone.
Interpretation 1:
The people of Israel had been heavy laden (see Matthew 9:36), for they had to endure severely strict religious and other rules and regulations which had been imposed upon them by the religious establishment of the day (Matthew 23:4).1
Interpretation 2:
By means of his preceding doxology to the Father (Matthew 11:25–27), Jesus had indicated how extensive his mission is, and now by his invitation to everyone, he reveals that they must all come to him for healing and rest. The problems they had brought to Jesus were not unique to first-century Judea. Everyone is in need of deliverance before and by the Son of God.2
28 Venez à moi, vous tous qui êtes fatigués et chargés, et je vous donnerai du repos.