Synagogues had the right to condemn someone to a flogging, carried out by employees of the synagogues (Matthew 23:34; Matthew 23:34), likely in the synagogue itself during Jesus’ earthly ministry (Acts 22:19, Acts 22:19), but definitely a little later in church history (Eusebeus’ Ecclesiastical History 5.16.12).
Apart from hearing civil cases the synagogue also had the right to condemn someone to a flogging, which was seen as a holy act of punishment and as such were conducted in the synagogue by employees of the synagogue (see Matthew 23:34; Acts 22:19).1 At a later time punishments were most definitely carried out in the synagogue itself (see the church father Eusebeus’ Ecclesiastical History 5.16.12) and there is evidence that this already occurred during the time that Jesus walked the earth (see Acts 22:19, Acts 26:11). The Jews, employing flogging as a form of punishment, acted as a kind of civil government.2
17 Mettez-vous en garde contre les hommes; car ils vous livreront aux tribunaux, et ils vous battront de verges dans leurs synagogues;