Isaiah (Ésaïe) 50:1 (ESV)

1 Thus says the LORD: “Where is your mother’s certificate of divorce, with which I sent her away? Or which of my creditors is it to whom I have sold you? Behold, for your iniquities you were sold, and for your transgressions your mother was sent away.

With the reference to the certificate of divorce comes the question as to whether a real divorce is in view. Those who deny the possibility say that the questions in Isaiah 50:1 are purely rhetorical and ironical, that Israel only felt that they had been divorced and sold, but there was no divorce because there was no certificate (Deuteronomy 24:1).1,2 Those who affirm that a divorce is assumed point to the latter part of the verse that says the mother was sent away, and to Jeremiah 3:8.3 This seems the more tenable. God implicitly tells them to review the divorce certificate, for it will reveal their transgressions instead of the Lord’s abandonment. (The divorce, however, was not a termination of the relationship; instead, it was a call for Israel to repent; see Jeremiah 3:14; Isaiah 54:5–8; Isaiah 62:4–5.)