1. Matthew 11:13–14 (ESV)
  2. Exposition

What does the phrase the Prophets and the Law refer to?

Matthew 11:13–14 (ESV)

13 For all the Prophets and the Law prophesied until John,

In short

The Prophets are mentioned first here in Matthew 11:13, perhaps because John is compared with the Prophets and the Law, both from the old dispensation. They prophesied until John. The Law is said to be prophesying, since Moses, who gave the Law, was a prophet (Deuteronomy 18:18;Deuteronomy 34:10). Law here means the Pentateuch, while Prophets are both the former and latter prophets. All the Prophets and the Law are thus the whole Old Testament, even if the Ketuvim is not mentioned here, as in Luke 16:29.

The Prophets  are mentioned first here in Matthew 11:13, perhaps because John was compared with the Prophets and the Law, which both belong to the old dispensation. They prophesied until John. The Law is presented more as prophesying, since Moses, who gave the Law, was a prophet (Deuteronomy 18:18;Deuteronomy 34:10). With Law one must think here of the Pentateuch, while Prophets refers to both the former and latter prophets. The phrase all the Prophets and the Law therefore refers to the entire Old Testament, even if the Ketuvim is not mentioned here as in Luke 16:29.1