1. Jeremiah 51:34 (ESV)
  2. Exposition

Who has been devoured and crushed by Nebuchadnezzar?  

Jeremiah 51:34 (ESV)

34 “Nebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon has devoured me; he has crushed me; he has made me an empty vessel; he has swallowed me like a monster; he has filled his stomach with my delicacies; he has rinsed me out.

The theme of Babylon’s mistreatment of Judah comes into focus again. The complaint against Nebuchadnezzar is heard from the people of Jerusalem. The Babylonian king is described as a gluttonous man who has devoured Jerusalem and thrown her aside like an empty bowl or plate. He is like a monster who feeds on the riches of Jerusalem till his stomach is full.1 He rinsed Jerusalem out like a jar. The plunder was total. The word monster probably refers to Canaanite and Babylonian beliefs about the creation of the world. Their myths spoke of the world beginning with a battle against forces of chaos, pictured as sea monsters, with Leviathan thought of as one of them (see Psalm 74:13–14; Isaiah 27:1). In Israel’s literature, these monsters were symbols of evil and the opponents of the Lord’s purposes (Isaiah 51:9).2

The tables, however, begin to turn as there is a call for retribution. The violence done to Jerusalem must be done to Babylon.