In the future, after exile, the Lord will restore the fortunes of Judah and Israel and rebuild them as they were before. This is again referring to the land and not the people and goes back to the Lord’s words to Jeremiah at his calling (Jeremiah 1:10). To make Judah and Israel as they were before
is to make the land into a united land as it was under David1.
7 I will restore the fortunes of Judah and the fortunes of Israel, and rebuild them as they were at first.