Since only Levites were meant to be involved in transporting the ark (Numbers 4:4–20), it can be assumed that Abinadab, Uzzah, and Ahio were Levites.1 At the same time, there may be a suggestion in 1 Chronicles 15:1–29 that Uzzah and Ahio were not Levites (1 Chronicles 15:13, 1 Chronicles 15:15).2 In either case, Uzzah and Ahio were likely the grandsons of Abinadab, the individual in whose home the ark was kept after it was returned to Israel from Philistia in the time of Samuel (1 Samuel 7:1–2).
3 And they carried the ark of God on a new cart and brought it out of the house of Abinadab, which was on the hill. And Uzzah and Ahio, the sons of Abinadab, were driving the new cart,