1. Isaiah 14:31 (ESV)
  2. Exposition

To what does the smoke out of the north refer?

Isaiah 14:31 (ESV)

31 Wail, O gate; cry out, O city; melt in fear, O Philistia, all of you! For smoke comes out of the north, and there is no straggler in his ranks.

The smoke is a sign of the enemy arriving from the north, leaving burnt cities in their wake.