The use of the words children
or sons
is common in wisdom literature. Clearly, the adults are also addressed here (see Psalm 34:12). The relationship of a teacher to his pupil is compared to that of a father to his son. David was like a father to the refugees in the cave, calling on the people to listen to him as he teaches them about the Lord.
11 Come, O children, listen to me; I will teach you the fear of the LORD.